1. Light: Orchids generally prefer bright, indirect light. Place them near a window with filtered sunlight. Avoid direct sunlight, as it can scorch the leaves.
2. Temperature: Orchids thrive in temperatures between 60°F (15°C) and 80°F (27°C) during the day. They appreciate a slight drop in temperature at night, ideally around 10°F (5°C) lower.
3. Watering: Orchids have specific watering needs. It's important to water them properly to avoid overwatering or under watering. Generally, orchids should be watered when the potting mix feels dry to the touch, but not completely dry. Water thoroughly and allow any excess water to drain away.
4. Humidity: Orchids prefer higher humidity levels, usually around 50-70%. You can increase humidity by placing a tray of water near the orchid or using a humidifier. Mist the orchid occasionally, but avoid misting the flowers directly.
5. Potting Mix: Orchids typically grow in a well-draining medium like orchid bark or sphagnum moss. Avoid using regular potting soil, as it retains too much moisture. Repot orchids every one to two years when the potting mix starts to break down.
6. Fertilizing: Orchids benefit from regular feeding with a balanced orchid fertilizer. Use a diluted fertilizer solution and apply it according to the instructions on the package. Generally, orchids should be fertilized every two weeks during the growing season and less frequently during the dormant period.
7. Pruning and Maintenance: Remove any dead or yellowing leaves or spent flowers from the orchid. This helps improve air circulation and prevents the spread of diseases.
8. Seasonal Changes: Some orchids require a dormant period during which they receive reduced light, water, and fertilizer. It usually occurs during fall and winter when temperatures drop and daylight hours decrease. Orchids may enter a phase of reduced growth, fewer or no flowers, and sometimes even lose a few leaves. During this period, the care requirements for orchids change: slightly less light, decrease or stop fertilization, and reduce temperature.